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carbon arc welding
Carbon arc welding (CAW) is a process which produces coalescence of metals by heating them with an arc between a nonconsumable carbon (graphite) electrode and the work-piece. It was the first arc-welding process ever developed but is not used for many applications today, having been replaced by twin-carbon-arc welding and other variations. The purpose of arc welding is to form a bond between separate metals. In carbon-arc welding a carbon electrode is used to produce an electric arc between the electrode and the materials being bonded. This arc produces extreme temperatures in excess of 3,000°C. At this temperature the separate metals form a bond and become welded together.
== Development ==
(詳細はelectric arc by Sir Humphry Davy in 1800, later repeated independently by a Russian physicist Vasily Vladimirovich Petrov in 1802. Petrov studied electric arc and proposed its possible ways of usage, including for welding.
The inventors of carbon-arc welding were Nikolay Benardos and Stanisław Olszewski, who developed this method in 1881 and patented it later under the name ''Elektrogefest'' ("Electric Hephaestus")〔Nikołaj Benardos, Stanisław Olszewski, "Process of and apparatus for working metals by the direct application of the electric current" patent nr 363 320, Washington, United States Patent Office, 17 may 1887.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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